These are the all the wikileaks about Algeria that have been released thanks to the cablegate.
http://ebookpedia.net/ebook/wikileaks-algeria.html
Human Rights
A state of emergency declared in 1992 remains in effect and has led to abuses bysecurity forces, who sometimes act independently of government authority. 4
According to the U.S. State Department Country Report on Human Rights Practices -2007, other significant human rights problems include restrictions on political party activity, limiting the right to change the government peacefully; reports of abuse and torture; official impunity; prolonged pretrial detention; limited judicial independence; denial of fair public trials; restrictions on civil liberties, including freedom of speech, press, assembly, and association; security-based restrictions on movement; limitations on religious freedom,
including increased regulation of non-Muslim worship; corruption and lack of
government transparency; discrimination against women; and restrictions on workers’ rights. The U.S. State Department categorizes Algeria as a Tier 3 worst offender with regard to human trafficking because its government does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking in persons and is not making significant efforts to do so.5
Berbers, who are the natives of North Africa from before the 7 th
century Arab Muslim invasions, seek language and cultural rights and an end to government discrimination and neglect. In April 2001 (“black spring”), the death of a Berber youth in custody sparked riots in which security forces killed 126 people. The government agreed to compensate the victims and recognize Tamazight, the Berber language, as a national but not an official language (as Berber activists want but President Bouteflika opposes). The government has engaged in a dialogue with Berber representatives known as the Arouch . In January 2005, the government agreed to rehabilitate protesters and
remove security forces from Berber areas, and established a joint committee to follow up.
Terrorism
Up to 200,000 lives were lost to terrorism and related violence between 1992 and
2000. Two Algerian groups are U.S.-designated Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTOs).
The Armed Islamic Group (GIA) was most active from 1991 to 2001 and last attacked in
2006. The Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (GSPC) split from GIA in 1998,
declared its allegiance to Al Qaeda in 2003, and, after Abdelmalik Droukdal (aka Abu
Musab Abdulwadood) became “emir” or leader, united with it officially on September 11,
2006, taking the name Al Qaeda in the Land of the Islamic Maghreb (AQLIM or AQIM).
The practical meaning of the union is uncertain. AQLIM seeks to replace the current
Algerian regime with an Islamic state and calls for jihad against the United States and
France. Since 2006, it has increased attacks against the government, security forces, and
foreigner workers. In 2007, it shifted tactics to more frequent, “Iraqi style,” suicide
attacks, with simultaneous bombings of the Government Palace (the prime and interior
ministries) and a suburban police station on April 11, 2007 and of the Constitutional
Council and the U.N. headquarters on December 11, among other attacks. In addition, an
AQLIM suicide bomber unsuccessfully attempted to assassinate President Bouteflika on
September 6, 2007. All of these bombings resulted in many civilian casualties. AQLIM
raises funds by kidnaping for ransoms and by smuggling arms, vehicles, and drugs, and
communicates via internet with sophisticated videos. AQLIM operates in the Sahel and
has carried out attacks in Mauritania in line with its regional pretensions.
Algeria is a major source of international terrorists and is the fourth largest supplier of anti-coalition fighters to Iraq. 3
Seventeen Algerians captured in Afghanistan are held at the U.S. Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. The Bush Administration would liketo repatriate them, but first seeks assurances from Algiers that they would not pose a future danger and be treated fairly. Algerians have been arrested on suspicion of belonging to or supporting AQLIM in France, Spain, Italy, Germany, and Britain.
Several international terrorist plots involved Algerians. In December 1999, Ahmed
Ressam, an Algerian who had trained in Afghanistan, was arrested after attempting to
enter the United States from Canada; he was convicted for the so-called Millennium Plot
to carry out bomb attacks in Los Angeles. His associates and other Algerians in Canada
were linked to the GIA and Al Qaeda. In January 2003, six Algerians were arrested in
a London apartment with traces of ricin, a deadly poison with no known antidote.
In September 1999, a national referendum approved the “Civil Concord,” an amnesty
for those who had fought the government. In September 2005, another referendum
approved the Charter for Peace and National Reconciliation, including an amnesty for all
except murderers, rapists, and bombers, exemption for security forces from prosecution
for crimes of the 1990s, and compensation for families of victims of violence and the
disappeared. Critics charge that it has resulted in the freeing of recidivist terrorists or that
it failed to provide accountability for the disappeared and for truth-telling about the role
of the security forces. A presidential commission determined that excesses of
unsupervised security forces were responsible for the disappearances of 6,146 civilians
from 1992 to 2000 and recommended compensation. Organizations representing victims’
families claim up to 20,000 disappeared. The government has extended the amnesty
period indefinitely and has controversially extended it to some former GSPC leaders.
2
le 17 Décembre, 2010
